Money or mammon
Thursday, February 26th, 2009Does the Bible support a free market economy or did Jesus have a preferential option for the poor that supports welfare, universal health care and many of today’s social services programs? What would Jesus say about trillion dollar budget deficits and economic stimulus packages? And what would he think about President Obama’s plans for the American economy?
Dr. Nicholas Wallerstein–humanities professor
There is no doubt that liberation theologians and proponents of the “social†gospel will be thrilled by President Obama’s Marxist monetary and tax policies. His plan announced yesterday to redistribute wealth from the well-off to the poor via universal health care is classic socialism. Obama’s plan to turn the U.S. into a cradle-to-grave socialist welfare-state democracy ala Denmark is right on schedule. Of course, his actions reflect the platform he ran on, so it should come as no surprise. The problem, however, is that the Puritans who first arrived here in 1620 believed in personal responsibility and hard work, not reliance on the government to support the lazy and the indolent. Therefore, I suspect that one’s religious response to President Obama’s plans will be dictated by the underlying social and economic theories one adheres to. As I’ve suggested, Marxist Catholic and Episcopal liberation theologians and other “progressives,†for instance, will be thrilled. Calvinists, I assume, will be disappointed. As a direct descendant of those on the second voyage of the Mayflower, I must admit to a certain concern over the president’s hard left turn. I remain convinced that Jesus would understand better than anyone that socialism doesn’t work. Freedom works. Freedom is the deepest yearning in every human soul.
Father Thomas Williams - St. John’s Orthodox Church
Throughout the New Testament, Jesus Christ teaches us to have fair and balanced scales in commerce, to deal justly with our neighbors, and to live at peace in our daily projects as we make our way in a fallen world; but He does not condemn earthly riches. He uses them in parables to teach us the value of the Kingdom of God (Matt. 25:31). But it is when men become more concerned about making money and amassing wealth than with the relationships that they have with God in Jesus, and with one another, that, in His teachings, He tries to restore balance.
“When you give alms, your left hand must not know what your right is doing; your almsgiving must be in secret, and your Father who sees all that is done in secret will reward you.” (Matt. 6: 24.)
“No one can be the slave of two masters: He will either hate the first and love the second, or treat the first with respect, and the second with scorn. You cannot be the slave both of God and of money.” (Matt. 6:24)
“Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.” (Matt 6: 19-21)
The abuse by the Israelites, especially of the poor, was one of Israel’s great sins (Amos 2: 6; 5: 11-12); abusing the poor to acquire wealth, failing to respond to their cries for justice. The wealthy, while in a position to help others, often close their hearts to the cry of the poor, and Jesus condemns this action, not the accumulation of wealth or wealth itself, but the hardness of heart (Luke16: 19-31)
But wealth and power can be a stumbling block, as any passion is, when seeking God. In Luke 18:18-34 we see that in the rich young ruler approaching Jesus Christ and asking for eternal life. “Sell all your possessions and distribute it (the money) to the poor and come follow me.” But it was too much for the young man. The deeper out roots in the secular, the harder it is to turn to the spiritual side of our nature, to God. Money does corrupt, often just enough to keep us from trusting in God.
Hence it is not possible to say that Our Holy Lord supports a free market economy, or welfare, or universal health care. For we would be making God like us when He came to make us like God.
Rev Brian Carpenter — Presbyterian Church in America (Sturgis)
Any one of the issues above is far too broad for any real discussion in this format. I will be getting more jibes about long-winded posts just trying to summarize the relevant issues, for they are staggeringly complex. I can recommend economist Dr. Gary North’s Economic Commentary on the Bible for any who are interested in beginning their studies.
I will assert the following ideas as basic to a biblical understanding of money, wealth, and economics.
1. The earth and all that is in it belongs to God. (Ps 24:1)  He apportions it and its resources how he pleases. Sometimes He does this via his acts of Providence in the normal course of history. (Acts 17:26) Sometimes he does it via special acts of Providence. (e.g. 1Kings 17:1-14, John 6:1-13, Deut 6:101-12) Sometimes he does it via his commandments to his people. (e.g. Lev 23:22, Rom 12:20, Prov 25:21-22)
2. The concept of private property is a biblical concept (Ex 20:15, Acts 5:1-4) Private property is defined as that which God has given ownership of or control over. Therefore, nobody has the right to simply take something from another. We must also understand that our ownership is transitory, as we do not live for very long. (1 Tim 6:7, Eccl. 2:8-9) Therefore, we ought to view all of our economic decisions in this light.
3. We do not have an absolute right to or claim on our private property. Others might have legitimate claims over our property, including God himself (Mal 3:8-10) and the government. (Romans 13:7) Under certain circumstances, other people may have a limited claim over our property. (Rom 12:20, 1 Timothy 5:18, James 2:15-17, Luke 10:25-37) The claims of other people on our property are not absolute, either. They are a relative right, and the bounds are fixed by God himself. For instance, God commands me to feed an enemy on the occasion that he brings a hungry enemy across my path. He does not command me to feed my enemy for his whole life, nor does my hungry enemy have the right to demand my steak when I offer him my bread.
4. There are to be NO FREELOADERS. This concept is frequently overlooked.  I will quote this verse in full for those who are not bothering to look up my scripture citations: “For even when we were with you, we gave you this rule: ‘If a man will not work, he shall not eat.‘ “ 2 Thess 3:10
5. Everyone is to have what the Reformers called a “lawful calling” (i.e. a vocation) and they are to labor diligently in that calling in order to earn their bread. (Ephesians 4:28, 1 Thess 4:11, Exodus 20:9)
6. The level at which we ought to be content with our material lot in life is quite low. Decent food, appropriate clothing, and (in climates like ours) decent shelter are enough. (1 Timothy 6:8) Anything beyond that is to be considered a superabundant blessing and thus, wealth. The Christian is commanded to be content with what God gives, but may also increase his or her wealth by use of lawful and prudent means. He or she ought to be careful in doing so, for the desire to be rich, simply for the sake of pleasing oneself, is a trap. (1 Tim 6:9-10, Matt 6:24, Luke 12:13-34) and covetousness is a very grave sin. (Ex 20:17) It also happens to be what we’ve built our whole consumer-based society upon.
7. God does decree that some shall be poor, some shall be rich, and that in the course of life, some of the rich shall be brought low and the poor be raised up (e.g. 1 Samuel 2:4-8)  It is the Lord who gives the ability to produce wealth. (Deut 8:18) Therefore, wealth is not the occasion for pride.
8. A person’s first line of approach when he or she is in need ought always to be their family. (1 Timothy 5:8) If that person is a Christian, he or she ought to apply next to their own church. (James 2:15-17)
From these fundamental principles, I conclude the following:
1. The government does have a right to tax the populace and spend the money, and may include in that spending the giving of resources to those who have genuine need which they are not able to meet on their own.
2. The government ought not to impose the burden and spend the money in such a way as to cause disincentives towards honest labor and production, nor should it reward indolence and idleness. To take from one who produces and give to one who is capable of production, but is sinfully shirking his or her duties is to steal. The government ought to cut off all support to those who are capable of honest labor, but are refusing to do so. Hunger and cold are remarkably motivating.
3. The government ought to calculate the nature of true need in such a way as it reckons those to be in need who lack sufficient food, clothing, and shelter. Beyond those things, there is not true need. I was once told by an African friend in seminary “America is the only place in the world where the poor people are fat.” He professed amazement that the detached garage of one of my neighbors was larger and better constructed than the house in which he, his parents, his grandmother, and seven brothers and sisters lived. The Christian Science Monitor had an excellent article a few years ago entitled “Poverty Now Comes With a Color TV.“ I recommend spending some time in a Third World country before launching into soliloquies about poverty in this country, at least as it is today. We do not necessarily need to feel guilty for being as wealthy as we are, but we have very little grounds for comparison if we only know America. I also ought to say that I do have deep forebodings about what may be coming in the near future.
Now, the Bailout is a different story. I am not an alarmist, nor do I wish to be a Cassandra. Nor am I one who is enamored with the apocalyptic. Once again the issues are huge and complex, but the source of all of our problems begins with a fiat money system which is divorced from a relatively fixed base of value. God gave gold and silver for money. They limit economic growth to a natural and sustainable level. Their limited supply serves as a check on the ambitions of rulers and emperors. They worked very well in that capacity from the beginning of human history until the Federal Reserve Bank (which is a private bank, not a government institution) was established. After that, gold and silver worked less effectively, but still fairly well, until 1971 when Nixon closed the Gold Window. The last 38 years have been an experiment which is now ending very badly. Our money has been backed by nothing for 38 years, and so has everyone else’s. Each dollar is, itself, a debt. I recommend this excellent video on how our system works now and how we got here, though I disagree with the producer’s remedies.
This system is an unbiblical system. It is a wicked system. It is an unconstitutional and therefore an illegal system.  It is a ruinous system. And the whole world participates in it. The stimulus package is like trying to give more heroin to an addict who is going through withdrawl symptoms. It makes the addict feel better for awhile, but hardens the chains of his bondage. There is not enough money in the world to pay all the debts in the world by a factor of 60 to 1 by some measures. Therefore, they simply will not be paid. We are, right now, in the beginning stages of a worldwide, debt default-driven demand collapse which is morphing into a deflationary depression. The suffering which is coming is unimaginable to most of us, and will likely deeper than the Great Depression of the 1930’s. A great social, economic, and political upheaval is coming because of this, and history shows that those often end badly. There is good reason to be alarmed, and the U.S. Government’s plan to borrow several trillion dollars from the Chinese ought not soothe our nerves any at all, though if it’s any consolation, the U.S. will probably suffer less than most other countries in the world. Since Presbyterianism is a worldwide phenomenon, I have friends all over the world. My African and Latin American friends may well be looking at starvation in their countries in the next couple of years, and I am most concerned for their welfare.
My own prayer echoes the cry of Agur, son of Jakeh in the book of Proverbs:
“Two things I request of You (Deprive me not before I die): Remove falsehood and lies far from me; Give me neither poverty nor riches- Feed me with the food allotted to me; Lest I be full and deny you and say, ‘Who is the Lord?’ Or lest I be poor and steal and profane the name of my God.”
Don Jones - Buddhist
I have permitted myself some very selective quotes from the Bible; something I have always detested when done by others. This is only to show that even from the same chapter in Ecclesiastes there are two points of view regarding money depending on the quote.
Here is the first:
“8  If you see the oppression of the poor and the violent perversion of justice and righteousness in a province, do not marvel at the matter; for high official watches over high official, and higher officials are over them.
9 Â Moreover the profit of the land is for all; the king himself is served from the field.
10Â He who loves silver will not be satisfied with silver;
nor he who loves abundance, with increase.
This is also vanity
11Â When goods increase,
They increase who eat them
So what profit have the owners
Except to see them with their eyes?
12Â The sleep of a laboring man is sweet
Whether he eats little or much;
But the abundance of the rich
will not permit him to sleep.â€
Here is another:
“19 As for every man to whom God has given riches and wealth, and given him power to eat of it, to receive his heritage and rejoice in his labor - this is the gift of God.â€
Ecclesiastes, Chapter 5
A person can go on and on in any holy book and pull out any text that supports his/her view. I was going to quote from Shantideva but he was too much of a rebel.(LOL) Neither Buddha nor Jesus had much of an opinion about economies except that each wanted justice for the poor and compassion in the hearts of everyone. Money, by itself is neither good nor evil but rather how it is used and/or gained is the measure of one’s heart. Personally, I mistrust holy books due to their great age and dubious “truthâ€Â Deep down, each of us knows about the value of charity, frugality, and integrity when it comes to money. We do not need great teachers to tell us this.
Politically, I would like to “trust the American people†to do what is best for them, reduce the government and all that. BUT, We cannot trust them to do what is right. If they did, we would not need laws, courts, or police forces. All we would need is an executive cheerleader/economist/warlord. We cannot even trust them to feed the poor.
BTW, The image of Jesus with a line item veto power, going through a multi-trillion dollar budget gave me a good laugh!! Thanks Mary.
